Bone Marrow

Definition of Bone Marrow:

The soft inner part of the bones – including the skull, ribs, pelvis, and spine – where new blood cells are made.  It is made up of blood-forming cells, fat cells, and supporting tissues that help the blood-forming cells grow.

Topics Related to Bone Marrow

A Low Platelet Count

...the condition
“...ITP has two basic origins: an autoimmune attack against platelets (primary or autoimmune ITP) and a bone marrow disorder (secondary ITP)...”

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

...the condition
“...Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) is a cancer that starts from white blood cells called lymphocytes in the bone marrow.  In most cases, the leukemia invades the blood fairly quickly...”
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More topics Related to Bone Marrow

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)

...the condition
“...AML starts in the bone marrow, but in most cases it quickly moves into the blood...”

Acute, Intermittent Porphyria

...the condition
“...There are a number of types of porphyria, some from bone marrow and others from the liver...”

Anemia

...the condition
“...Most blood cells are produced in the bone marrow as part of a continuing process...”
...relationship to Chronic Renal Insufficiency
“...However, the typical anemia associated with CRF results from decreased production of red blood cells by the bone marrow: failing kidneys no longer produce sufficient erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the production of oxygen-carrying red blood cells (RBCs)...”

Beta 1,3 Glucan

...as a treatment
“...Release of colony-stimulating factors, boosting bone marrow production...”

Blood Transfusion

...as a treatment
“...Treating anemia that has not responded to other treatments; Platelet Transfusion to treat low platelet levels (thrombocytopenia) caused by: Severe infection; Sepsis; Liver cirrhosis; Chemotherapy; Bone marrow transplant; Cancer (e.g. lymphoma, leukemia); Plasma Transfusion to help with blood clotting After severe bleeding (trauma, surgery, childbirth); Conditions that impair production of...”

Bone Cancer

...the condition
“...Ewing's Sarcoma – Ewing's sarcoma begins in immature nerve tissue in the bone marrow of the body's large bones: the pelvis, upper legs, ribs and arms, and can spread to other parts of the body at an early stage...”

Bone Marrow Suppression

...the condition
“Alternative names: Myelosuppression Bone Marrow Suppression is a reduction in the activity of the bone marrow, which is the thick liquid inside some of the bones that produces blood cells...”
...our question about Your lymphocyte count
“Lymphocytes are made in the bone marrow, so when the bone marrow isn't functioning properly, lymphocyte counts can drop.”

Bone Scan

...as a treatment
“...The soft core known as the bone marrow continuously manufactures blood cells...”

Brucellosis

...the condition
“...Confirmation of a brucellosis diagnosis involves blood work, bone marrow and urine cultures, and other techniques...”

Bruising Susceptibility

...the condition
“...Possible causes of bruising include ... Certain disorders in which bone marrow cells grow at an abnormal rate...”

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

...the condition
“...Causes include ... Myeloproliferative disorders (conditions that cause abnormal production of blood cells in the bone marrow) Polycythemia (an excess of red blood cells)...”

Cancer, General

...recommendation Herbal Combinations
“...Notably, there were no toxic side-reactions as seen with other anticancer drugs, such as arrest of bone marrow, digestive tract reactions and baldness...”

CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test

...as a treatment
“...These cells – the RBCs, WBCs, and platelets – are produced and mature primarily in the bone marrow.  Under normal circumstances, they are released into the bloodstream as needed...”

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

...the condition
“...However, bone marrow transplants have been reported as being successful in some patients, especially when performed early...”

Chemotherapy Side-Effects

...the condition
“...Unfortunately, chemotherapy also effects normal cells that grow rapidly such as blood cells forming in the bone marrow, cells in the hair follicles, or cells in the mouth and intestines.”
...relationship to Bone Marrow Suppression
“Nearly all chemotherapy cause a short-term reduction in bone marrow function.”

Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)

...the condition
“Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is a highly rare disease in which too many eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) are found in the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues...”

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

...the condition
“...Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer that starts from white blood cells (lymphocytes) in the bone marrow, from where it invades the blood...”

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

...the condition
“...Chronic Myeloid Meukemia (CML) is a type of cancer that starts in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow and invades the blood...”

Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)

...the condition
“...Chronic neutrophilic leukemia features persistent neutrophilia, increased white blood cell production in the bone marrow, and enlargement of the liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly)...”

Cobalamin

...related topic
“Essential for normal growth and functioning of all body cells, especially those of bone marrow (red blood cell formation), gastrointestinal tract and nervous system, it prevents pernicious anemia and plays a crucial part in the reproduction of every cell of the body i.e. synthesis...”

Cystine

...as a treatment
“...The N-Acetyl form of Cysteine; helps prevent chemotherapy side-effects and radiation therapy side effects; increases glutathione levels in the lungs, kidneys, liver and bone marrow and has an anti-aging effect on the body...”

Encephalitis

...the condition
“...If the body requires an increase in oxygen, the kidney produces more of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO), which acts in the bone marrow to increase the production of red blood cells...”

Enlarged Spleen

...the condition
“...Blood tests such as a CBC; Ultrasound; Abdominal film or CT scan; Bone marrow biopsy; Other tests to check for underlying disorders...”

Essential Thrombocythemia

...the condition
“...ET, Essential Thrombocytosis, Essential Thrombocythaemia, Primary Thrombocytosis Essential thrombocythemia is a rare chronic blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of platelets in the bone marrow.  It is a slowly-progressing disorder with long symptom-free periods punctuated by thrombotic or hemorrhagic events...”

Fanconi Anemia

...the condition
“Alternative names: Fanconi's Anemia, FA Fanconi anemia is a rare, inherited blood disorder that leads to bone marrow failure.  As a result, insufficient new blood cells are produced, as well as many faulty blood cells in some cases...”

Gout / Hyperuricemia

...the condition
“...For some of these patients, diseases of the blood and bone marrow or inherited enzyme abnormalities can be implicated...”

Hemolytic Anemia

...the condition
“This is an uncommon anemia that develops when red blood cells are destroyed faster than bone marrow can replace them...”

High Body Fat Percentage

...the condition
“...This fat is found in the bone marrow and spinal cord; it surrounds the liver, spleen, heart, kidneys, and other organs...”

Histoplasmosis

...the condition
“...When histoplasmosis spreads, it can affect bone marrow, the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, mouth, intestines, brain, and the adrenal glands...”

Hodgkin's Lymphoma

...the condition
“...Hodgkin's disease may occur in a single lymph node, a group of lymph nodes, or, sometimes, in other parts of the lymphatic system such as the bone marrow and spleen...”

Hypercellularity

...related topic
“An abnormal increase in the number of cells present, for example in the bone marrow.”

Inositol

...as a treatment
“...It is also needed for growth and survival of cells in bone marrow, eye membranes, and the intestines...”

Inositol Requirement

...the condition
“Inositol plays an important part in the health of cell membranes especially the specialized cells in the brain, bone marrow, eyes and intestines...”

Intrinsic Factor

...related topic
“...it slips from one protein to the other, and into the cell membranes where its handed over to the specialized blood protein that can carry it safely to the final target tissues (3 times out of 4, the bone marrow).  Apparently cyanocobalamin (B12) has "parts that fall off", radicals that twirl around in five directions on three charge potentials, and is generally not very durable.”

Iron Deficiency Anemia

...the condition
“...Iron is an essential component of the hemoglobin molecule: without iron the bone marrow is unable to produce hemoglobin...”

Iron Requirement

...the condition
“...The body stores iron in the liver, spleen, kidneys and bone marrow as ferritin, hemosiderin and siderophilin...”

Kaposi's Sarcoma

...the condition
“...Chemotherapy can affect the heart and suppress bone marrow function, causing a drop in the number of white blood cells...”

Kidney Cancer

...the condition
“...Polycythemia (too many red blood cells; sometimes caused by cancerous tumors in the kidney that trigger the release of erythropoietin [EPO], a hormone that increases red blood cell production in bone marrow); Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels) and elevated liver enzymes...”

Leukemia

...the condition
“Leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow; it is a general term used to describe a wide range of conditions, the common feature of which is elevated levels of immature white blood cells...”
...related topic
“Cancer of the lymph glands and bone marrow resulting in overproduction of white blood cells (related to Hodgkin's disease).”
...our question about Your eosinophil count
“...Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL) is a disease in which too many eosinophils are made in the bone marrow.”
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More topics Related to Bone Marrow

Low T-Helper (CD4) Cell Level

...the condition
“...They originate in the bone marrow and then migrate to the thymus gland (hence the 'T'), where they are trained to respond to a particular target...”

Low White Blood Cell Count

...the condition
“...An unusually high white blood cell count can indicate an infection, hypersplenism, bone marrow depression (drugs, radiation or heavy metal poisoning) or primary bone marrow disorders such as leukemia...”

Lymphatic Congestion

...the condition
“...The primary lymphoid organs include the bone marrow and thymus...”

Lymphocyte

...related topic
“A type of white blood cell found in lymph, blood, and other specialized tissue such as bone marrow and tonsils, constituting between 22 and 28 percent of all white blood cells in the blood of a normal adult human being...”

Mast Cells

...related topic
“...They, like their first cousin basophils, are produced in the red bone marrow and migrate to the appropriate tissues, where they stay...”

Mastocytosis

...the condition
“...Systemic mastocytosis is caused by mast cells accumulating in the tissues and can affect organs such as the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and small intestine...”

Megaloblastic Anemia

...related topic
“A condition in which the bone marrow produces large, abnormal, immature red blood cells (megaloblasts)...”

Megaloblastic Anemia / Pernicious Anemia

...the condition
“...Both vitamin B12 and folic acid are essential in the bone marrow for the production of healthy red blood cells in sufficient amounts...”

Menorrhagia (Heavy Periods)

...recommendation Iron
“...failed to respond to iron supplementation; A decreased response to iron therapy when initial serum iron levels were high; A correlation exists between menorrhagia and depleted tissue iron stores (bone marrow) irrespective of serum iron level, thus serum ferritin may be a better test than serum iron; A well-controlled study showed improvement in 75% of those on iron supplementation, compared...”

Monocytes Elevated

...the condition
“...Monocytes are produced in the bone marrow and then enter the bloodstream, where they account for about 1 to 10% of the circulating leukocytes (200 to 600 monocytes per microliter of blood)...”

Multiple Myeloma

...the condition
“...As tumors grow inside the bone marrow, they invade the hard, outer part of the bone...”

Myelodysplastic Syndrome

...the condition
“...Syndrome, MDS, Pre-leukemia, Preleukemia, Smoldering Leukemia Preleukemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), is a condition that can occur when some of the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow are damaged, leading to lower numbers of one or more type of blood cells...”
...relationship to Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
“About one-third of patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS, or preleukemia) will develop overt leukemia – a rapidly growing cancer of bone marrow cells called acute myeloid leukemia (AML).”

Myelofibrosis

...the condition
“...Myelofibrosis is a rare disease in which bone marrow is gradually replaced by fibrous scar tissue...”
...related topic
“A condition in which the normal bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue (the connective tissue of the body).”

Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

...the condition
“...Disease (MPD) Myeloproliferative disorders are a group of slow-growing blood cancers in which large numbers of abnormal red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets grow in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood...”

Neutropenia

...the condition
“...In addition to those listed below, other causes include ... Infections that cause damage to the bone marrow...”
...relationship to Aplastic Anemia
“Aplastic anemia reduces the bone marrow's ability to produce white blood cells.”
...relationship to Leukemia
“Leukemia causes decreased production of neutrophils because they are crowded out of the bone marrow by the early forms of white blood cells.”
...relationship to Myelodysplastic Syndrome
“The most common type of granulocyte (white blood cell with granules) in bone marrow is the neutrophil...”
...relationship to Radiation Poisoning
“Radiation therapy or exposure can damage the bone marrow.”

Neutrophilia

...the condition
“...Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow, released into the blood, circulate briefly, and migrate into tissue spaces and onto epithelial surfaces...”
...relationship to Sepsis
“Inflammation, sepsis, necrosis, and immune-mediated disease can cause increased tissue demand and increased bone marrow release of neutrophils.”
...relationship to Essential Thrombocythemia
“Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative disorder that causes proliferation of bone marrow cells.”
...relationship to Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
“Chronic myelocytic leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder that causes proliferation of bone marrow cells.”
...relationship to Myelofibrosis
“Primary myelofibrosis is a myeloproliferative disorder that causes proliferation of bone marrow cells.”
...relationship to Polycythemia Vera
“Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative disorder that causes proliferation of bone marrow cells.”

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

...the condition
“...This type of cancer can spread to almost any part of the body, including the liver, bone marrow, and spleen...”

Nutritional Deficiency Anemia

...the condition
“...Nutritional anemias are associated with poor bone marrow cell production and low reticulocyte counts and indices...”

Osteonecrosis

...the condition
“...All three are characterized by the presence of Gaucher (lipid-laden) cells in the bone marrow and other organs such as the spleen and liver...”

Platelet Aggregation

...related topic
“Platelets are the small, rather uniform fragments of large bone marrow cells that aid the blood in coagulation, hemostasis, inflammation, and thrombus formation...”

Platelet Aggregation (Clotting)

...the condition
“...One of the first steps in the process involves small cells in the bloodstream called platelets, which are produced in the bone marrow.  Platelets gather at the site of an injury and clump together to form a plug, or aggregate, that helps to limit the loss of blood and promote healing...”

Polycythemia Vera

...the condition
“...Rarely, a bone marrow biopsy is needed...”

Polymyositis

...recommendation Conventional Drug Use
“...Both can cause liver and bone marrow side-effects and require regular blood monitoring...”

Rectal Cancer

...the condition
“...Mitomycin is associated with bone marrow, kidney, mucous membrane, and pulmonary toxicity, as well as kidney failure...”

Sideroblastic Anemia

...the condition
“Sideroblastic anemia is a term used to describe a group of rare blood disorders characterized by the bone marrow's inability to manufacture normal red blood cells...”

T-Cell

...related topic
“T cells are lymphocytes that are produced in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus...”

Testosterone

...as a treatment
“...Examples include infertility, lack of libido or erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, penile enlargement, height growth, bone marrow stimulation and reversal of anemia, and even appetite stimulation...”

Thalassemia

...the condition
“...The bone marrow works at an extraordinary pace in an attempt to compensate for the anemia...”

Thymus

...related topic
“...The thymus is the site where bone marrow progenitor cells migrate and differentiate into various T-cells...”

Typhoid Fever

...the condition
“...Laboratory findings include ... Positive bone marrow culture for S. typhi occurs even when blood cultures are negative...”

Urine MMA

...related topic
“...The serum B12 test may produce false "normal" or "high" indications because of inactive B12 analogs in the blood from foods such as sea vegetables, or due to a body's last ditch dump from its bone marrow stores in response to severe deficiency...”
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