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Glossary: Vegetarian
 


Definition
A person who consumes no meat, fish or fowl (chicken, turkey, etc.), but who may consume animal products such as dairy products (milk, cheese, butter, etc.), eggs or honey.

Also: Lacto-Ovo-Vegetarian, Vegetarianism, Vegetarians

Topics Related To Vegetarian
A Raw Food/Fruitarian DietThe Condition
"...Soy products do not feature prominently in the raw food diet as is often the case in alternative or vegetarian diets..."

A Vegan Diet

The Condition
"A vegan diet is a strict vegetarian diet without any eggs or dairy products..."

Relationship to Zinc Requirement
"Vegetarians who consume a variety of legumes and nuts will probably meet their zinc requirement, but otherwise a vegetarian diet may be inadequate in zinc..."

Recommendation Zinc
"Vegetarians may need as much as 50% more zinc than non-vegetarians because of the lower absorption of zinc from plant foods, so it is very important for vegetarians to include good sources of zinc in..."

A Vegetarian Diet

The Condition
"Some people still worry about the ease with which a vegetarian diet can provide all essential nutrients..."

Recommendation Iodine
"Vegetarians who don't eat sea vegetables or use iodized salt should consider supplementing their diet with iodine..."

Recommendation Vitamin B12 (Cobalamine)
"B12 supplementation is generally recommended for those on a vegetarian diet..."

Recommendation Test for B12 Levels
"For longer-term vegetarians who have not been careful about consuming enough B12 (in the form of supplements or fortified foods), it may be wise to have B12 levels assessed and to consider dietary supplementation..."

Recommendation Zinc
"Vegetarians may need as much as 50% more zinc than non-vegetarians because of the lower absorption of zinc from plant foods, so it is very important for vegetarians to include good sources of zinc in..."

Aluminum Consumption Avoidance

As A Treatment
"...Taking mineral supplements seems to be a good idea, particularly for vegetarians, since absorption of aluminum is dramatically reduced by the presence of iron in the body..."

Andropause/Male Menopause

The Condition
"...) As an example, there is some data suggesting that men on low fat or vegetarian diets have lower testosterone levels..."

Atherosclerosis

Our Question about vegetarian, vegan or raw-food-vegan diet
"The vegetarian diet promotes stabilization or possible reversal of the atherogenic process..."

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet is recommended, as is an increase fiber (especially water-soluble fibers), fruits, vegetables, and vegetarian sources of protein..."

Recommendation Nut and Seed Consumption
"A Seventh Day Adventist study that was reported at the 2002 International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition found those that ate a serving of nuts 5 times per week had half the cardiac mortality..."

Body Odor

The Condition
"...Because of different body chemistries, some people who eat large quantities of meat or who are vegetarians have a very distinctive body odor which can be quite offensive..."

Calcium Requirement

The Condition
"...Risk Factors Some research has indicated that vegetarian women are at less risk of osteoporosis than are omnivorous women..."

Cancer, General

Our Question about vegetarian, vegan or raw-food-vegan diet
"...They speculate that this may why meat-eaters have such higher rates of cancer and heart disease compared to vegetarians..."

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"..." [The National Cancer Institute booklet "Diet, Nutrition, & Cancer Prevention: A Guide to Food Choices"] Cancer rates for vegetarians are 25 to 50% below population averages, even after controlling for smoking, body mass index, and socioeconomic status..."

CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test

As A Treatment
"...A plethora of additional factors can affect your test results: your intake of caffeine, tobacco, alcohol, and vitamin C; your diet (vegetarian vs..."

Chronic Fatigue / Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Recommendation Raw Food Diet
"...308-13] In another study, thirty people participated in a dietary intervention using a mostly raw, pure vegetarian diet..."

Colon Cancer

Recommendation Animal/Saturated Fats Avoidance
"...Choose chicken, fish, or vegetarian alternatives such as beans instead..."

Constipation

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"A vegetarian diet is generally higher in fiber than non-vegetarian diets..."

Coronary Disease / Heart Attack

Our Question about low-carbohydrate dieting
"...While the LDL in the Atkins group increased 6%, the LDL cholesterol levels in the whole-foods vegetarian group was cut in half - dropping 52%..."

Recommendation Nut and Seed Consumption
"A Seventh Day Adventist study that was reported at the 2002 International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition found those that ate a serving of nuts 5 times per week had half the cardiac mortality..."

DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)

As A Treatment
"...Supplementation with an algae source of docosahexaenoic acid increases (n-3) fatty acid status and alters selected risk factors for heart disease in vegetarian subjects..."

Effects of a Low Carbohydrate Diet

The Condition
"...In the year-long comparison of the Atkins Diet to Dean Ornish's vegetarian diet, Weight Watchers, and The Zone Diet, the Atkins Diet came last in terms of weight lost at the end of the year..."

EPA (eicosapentanoic acid)

As A Treatment
"...Vegetarians have lower blood levels of EPA due to its absence in foods of plant origin..."

Essential Fatty Acids

As A Treatment
"...This news may be particularly interesting to people following a vegetarian diet or for those who do not eat fish products..."

Female Hair Loss

The Condition
"...Common causes of hair loss or hair thinning in women ... protein deficiency (common with vegetarian diets)..."

Gallbladder Disease

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"In a study published in the British Medical Journal, it was shown that vegetarian women had a much lower incidence of gallstones than non-vegetarian women..."

Glomerulonephritis

Recommendation Reduced Protein Diet
"...Also, contrary to what many would assume, a low protein diet is not a synonym for a vegetarian diet..."

Hepatitis

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"A more vegetarian diet is naturally lower in saturated fats (meat and dairy products) and higher in grains, vegetables, fruits, vegetable proteins (legumes such as soy), and essential fatty acids (cold-water..."

High Total Cholesterol

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"Cholesterol levels are much lower in vegetarians..."

High/Increased Protein Diet

As A Treatment
"...Although plant sources of protein are in general not as rich in the amount or variety of amino acids as animal sources, sensible vegan and vegetarian diets will provide more than enough..."

Hypertension

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"The prevalence of hypertension among vegetarians is about one-third to one-half that of non-vegetarians [1-3]..."

Iodine Requirement

Our Question about vegetarian, vegan or raw-food-vegan diet
"...In October of 2003, one of many articles appeared on iodine deficiency in vegetarians and vegans [Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 47 (2003): p..."

Laryngeal Cancer

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"See the link between Cancer, General and Vegetarian/Vegan Diet..."

Lipase

As A Treatment
"...In some vegetarian diets, very little bile is produced since the liver is not stimulated to produce bile, with the result that the large fat molecules are not properly emulsified, making it difficult for the..."

Low Sex Hormone Binding Globulin

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"It has been observed that a vegetarian diet is associated with high plasma levels of sex hormone-binding globulin, reducing clearance of sex hormones and probably risk of breast and prostate cancer..."

Magnesium

As A Treatment
"...45oz (45) Soybeans, cooked, 1/2 cup (54) Vegetarian baked beans, 1/2 cup (40) Avocado, California, 1/2 medium (35) Lentils, cooked, 1/2 cup (35) Banana, raw, 1 medium (34) Shrimp, mixed species, raw, 3oz (12 large) (29) Tahini, 2 Tbs (28)..."

Metabolic Diet Type

The Condition
"...With a vegetarian diet and individualized nutrient approach, he recovered and soon was treating others..."

Methionine

As A Treatment
"...This is the most common dietary deficiency seen in vegetarians..."

Multiple Sclerosis

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"A vegan/vegetarian diet satisfies several of the requirements set out in the Swank Diet for Multiple Sclerosis..."

Osteoporosis - Osteopenia

Recommendation Increased Fruit/Vegetable Consumption
"...Vegetarians have on average greater bone mass than meat eaters..."

Plant-Based Nutrition

As A Treatment
"A vegetarian diet has been advocated by everyone from philosophers such as Plato and Nietzsche, to political leaders such as Benjamin Franklin and Gandhi, to modern pop icons such as Paul McCartney and..."

Pregnancy-Related Issues

Recommendation DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)
"...Vegan diets are devoid of EPA and DHA, while vegetarian diets provide small amounts in dairy products..."

Problems Caused By Being Overweight

Recommendation Raw Food Diet
"...[Presented at the Third International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition, Loma Linda, California USA, March 24-26, 1997]..."

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"...1] The results of the biggest study on diet and obesity to date was released in 2003, comparing over a thousand vegans to tens of thousands of meat-eaters, and lacto-ovo vegetarians [International Journal of Obesity 27 (2003): p..."

Psoriasis

The Condition
"...considerations and treatments should include: Improving digestive function, improving liver function, improving bowel ecology, alcohol avoidance, fish oil and omega 3 supplementation, fasting, vegetarianism, food allergy elimination diets, sunshine exposure and vitamin D use, a high fiber diet, and stress reduction..."

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Recommendation Therapeutic Fasting
"...[Controlled trial of fasting and a one-year vegetarian diet eased symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis; The Lancet, 1991, 338]..."

Selenium

As A Treatment
"...Some experts believe that vegetarians may not be getting enough selenium unless supplemented..."

Silicon / Silica

As A Treatment
"...Silicon is readily available when pursuing a true vegetarian diet..."

Stomach Cancer

Recommendation Weight Loss
"During analysis of the data from a Yale study (see link between Increased Risk of Stomach Cancer and treatment Vegetarian/Vegan Diet) the research team found that obesity is strongly linked with risk of these cancers..."

Supplemental Fiber

As A Treatment
"...Vegetarians and others who eat high fiber diets tend to eat less processed food and to eat overall healthier diets..."

Varicose Veins

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"...A diet tending towards vegan/raw-food generally satisfies all these requirements; vegetarians should watch their fat intake..."

Vitamin A

As A Treatment
"...Vitamin supplements can be an important source of vitamin A for such people, yet many vegetarian and prenatal products contain only beta carotene, which appears to convert to vitamin A at a fixed rate..."

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamine)

As A Treatment
"...Those who don't like taking supplements can eat fortified foods, including fortified soy milks and rice milks, breakfast cereals, fake meats, sea weeds, one type of nutritional yeast (Red Star Brand Vegetarian Support Formula) and so on..."

Vitamin B12 Requirement

Our Question about vegetarian, vegan or raw-food-vegan diet
"...The authors of one study note that the vegan diet provides essentially no vitamin B12, and people following unsupplemented vegetarian diets may suffer from a deficit as well due to the lower levels in the diet..."

Zinc

As A Treatment
"...This is not usually a problem but, in strict vegetarians, when the intake of iron is low, there may be a need to take a small, regular dose of iron to prevent the occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia..."





Last updated: Apr 07, 2008


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