Clubbed Fingernails Or Toenails

What Causes Nail Clubbing?

Nail clubbing can have various causes, ranging in severity from 'very minor' to 'generally fatal'.  Finding the true cause means ruling out or confirming each possibility – in other words, diagnosis.

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Diagnosis is usually a complex process due to the sheer number of possible causes and related symptoms.  In order to diagnose nail clubbing, we could:

  • Research the topic
  • Find a doctor with the time
  • Use a diagnostic computer system.
The process is the same, whichever method is used.

Step 1: List all Possible Causes

We begin by identifying the disease conditions which have "nail clubbing" as a symptom.  Here are seven possibilities:
  • Cirrhosis Of The Liver
  • Ulcerative Colitis
  • Gluten Sensitivity
  • Hepatitis
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis
  • Crohn's Disease
  • Sarcoidosis

Step 2: Build a Symptom Checklist

We then identify all possible symptoms and risk factors of each possible cause, and check the ones that apply:
joint pain/swelling/stiffness
elevated lymphocyte count
chronic abdominal pain
meals worsen left iliac pain
regular painful urge to defecate
very low TIBC
reduced sense of smell
moderate meal-induced pain
mild right lumbar discomfort
colitis in family members
appendix removed before age 20
constant bowel movement changes
... and more than 110 others

Step 3: Rule Out or Confirm each Possible Cause

A differential diagnosis of your symptoms and risk factors finds the likely cause of nail clubbing:
Cause Probability Status
Ulcerative Colitis 93% Confirm
Pulmonary Fibrosis 25% Unlikely
Hepatitis 15% Unlikely
Cirrhosis Of The Liver 3% Ruled out
Crohn's Disease 2% Ruled out
Sarcoidosis 1% Ruled out
Gluten Sensitivity 0% Ruled out
* This is a simple example to illustrate the process

Arriving at a Correct Diagnosis

The Analyst™ is our online diagnosis tool that learns all about you through a straightforward process of multi-level questioning, providing diagnosis at the end.

If you indicate abnormal fingernails and toenails, The Analyst™ will ask further questions including this one:
Are your fingers or toes 'clubbed', being wider and bulging at the ends? Clubbed fingers or toes have nails that are wider and more rounded than normal, often curving downwards.
Possible responses:
→ No, my fingers are normal width / don't know
→ Yes, slightly
→ Yes, there is very noticeable clubbing
Based on your response to this question, which may indicate either minor digital clubbing or significant digital clubbing, The Analyst™ will consider possibilities such as:
Hepatitis

Chronic hepatitis C can cause nail clubbing.

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