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Bilberry
  Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
 Conditions prevented by it
 


Vaccinium myrtillus L. is known by many names including bilberry, whortleberry, and huckleberry. This and many similar species are native to Europe and most of the United States. The blue/black berry is known for its edibility as well as for its medical action. The major medicinal compounds in bilberries are the flavonoids, especially the anthocyanosides. These compounds are similar to those found in grapes. The actions of concentrated extracts have been shown to be effective in stabilizing collagen, normalizing capillary permeability, preventing platelet aggregation, and relaxing smooth muscles among other things. The clinical applications of bilberry extracts have been in two major areas: the eyes and the joints. Billberry extracts were shown to be effective in improving night-time vision, and have been used in the prevention and treatment of glaucoma and have been used in cases of cataracts and macular degeneracy.

The ability of the flavonoids found in bilberry to stabilize collagen as well as their potent antioxidant activity make them very good agents for joint care. They have been used successfully in both osteoarthritis as well as rheumatoid arthritis. The uses for bilberry extracts will continue to increase as we understand its flavonoids more completely.

Standardized extracts of bilberry are currently available. Extract ratios of 100:1 are not uncommonly used to obtain extracts that are standardized to contain 25% total anthocyanidins. Bilberry fruit preparations are "Approved" while the leaf preparations are "Unapproved" by the German Commission E.





Bilberry can help prevent the following:
Organ Health  Macular Degeneration
 Bilberry contains compounds which act as antioxidants in the retina, making it a possible preventive measure for macular degeneration [Klin Monatsbl Augenheikld Beih 1981;178: pp.386-9]. It also strengthens capillaries in the retina and reduces hemorrhaging [Minerva Med 1977;68: pp.3565-81]. An oral dose is in the range of 40 to 80mg (24% anthocyanosides) per day.


KEY
Likely to help


GLOSSARY

Antioxidant (Antioxidants)
A chemical compound that slows or prevents oxygen from reacting with other compounds. Antioxidants are substances that protect cells from oxidative damage caused by molecules called free radicals. These chemicals can damage important parts of cells, such as proteins, membranes, and DNA. Some antioxidants have been shown to have cancer-protecting potential because they neutralize free radicals. Examples include vitamins C and E, beta carotene, the minerals selenium and germanium, superoxide dismutase (SOD), coenzyme Q10, catalase, and some amino acids.

Bioflavonoid (Bioflavonoids, Flavonoid, Flavonoids)
Vitamin P. Any of a group of colored flavones (crystalline compounds) found next to the peel in many fruits. Essential for the stability and absorption of ascorbic acid.

Capillary
Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules and forming networks throughout the body.

Cataract (Cataracts)
A steadily worsening disease of the eye in which the lens becomes cloudy as a result of the precipitation of proteins. Most cataracts are caused by the functions of the body breaking down. Eye trauma, such as from a puncture wound, may also result in cataracts.

Collagen
The primary protein within white fibers of connective tissue and the organic substance found in tendons, ligaments, cartilage, skin, teeth and bone.

Commission E
The body of scientists and panel of experts that provides advice on herbal treatments and evaluates the safety, effectiveness and dosage of medicinal herbs; Germany's equivalent of the FDA.

Glaucoma
A disease of the eye characterized by vision loss due to an increase in the pressure of fluid within the eye. This rise in pressure results from a build-up of aqueous fluid and leads to progressive damage to the optic nerve that transmits visual signals to the brain. Over time, glaucoma can lead to a gradual loss in peripheral vision. There are usually no signs that you're developing glaucoma until vision loss occurs.

Hemorrhage (Hemorrhaging)
Profuse blood flow.

Macular Degeneration
Increasingly poor eyesight often accompanied by light sensitivity, distorted vision and a blank or dark patch in the center of vision.

Milligram (mg, Milligrams)
0.001 or a thousandth of a gram.

Osteoarthritis (Osteoarthritic)
A condition involving degeneration of cartilage and supporting joint tissue, which results in pain, swelling and reduced mobility, as the cartilage wears away and allows bone to rub against bone.

Platelet Aggregation
Platelets are the small, rather uniform fragments of large bone marrow cells that aid the blood in coagulation, hemostasis, inflammation, and thrombus formation. Mild subclotting and sticking is a common early condition that can lead to thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and strokes, and can be helped by an aspirin a day, better fat digestion, and Ceanothus.

Retina (Retinal)
A 10-layered, frail nervous tissue membrane of the eye, parallel with the optic nerve. It receives images of outer objects and carries sight signals through the optic nerve to the brain.

Rheumatoid Arthritis
A long-term, destructive connective tissue disease that results from the body rejecting its own tissue cells (autoimmune reaction).




Last updated: Dec 01, 2008


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