| B1 | See Thiamine. |
| B-1 | See Thiamine. |
| B12 | See Cobalamin. |
| B-12 | See Cobalamin. |
| B2 | See Riboflavin. |
| B-2 | See Riboflavin. |
| B3 | See Niacin. |
| B-3 | See Niacin. |
| B6 | See Vitamin B6. |
| B-6 | See Vitamin B6. |
| Bacteria | |
| Bacterial | See Bacteria. |
| Bacteriostatic | |
| Bacterium | See Bacteria. |
| Balneological | Usually referring to balneological treatment. Treatment by immersing part of the body in a bath. |
| Balneotherapy | Healing bath. |
| Barium Meal | |
| Basal Metabolism | |
| Basophil | |
| Basophils | See Basophil. |
| Bathmotropic | A response to stimulants which influences nervous and muscular irritability; negatively bathmotropic (lessening nervous or muscular irritability); positively bathmotropic (increasing nervous or muscular irritability). |
| BCC | Basal Cell Carcinoma. |
| Bell's Palsy | |
| Benign | Literally: innocent; not malignant. Often used to refer to cells that are not cancerous; they tend to grow slowly and don't spread (metastasize) like cancer tumors do. |
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia | See Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. |
| Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy | |
| Beta Blocker | See Beta Blockers. |
| Beta Blockers | |
| Beta Carotene | See Beta-Carotene. |
| Beta-Carotene | |
| BID | Twice per day. |
| Bile | |
| Biliary Calculus | See Gallstone. |
| Biliary Dyskinesia | Inability to secrete bile. |
| Biliary Excretion | Usually referring to drugs. Removal of the drug metabolites formed in the body through bile, especially important for compounds with higher molecular weights (greater than 500). |
| Bilirubin | |
| Bilirubinemia | The presence of abnormally high bilirubin in the blood, usually signifying hepatitis, with jaundice due next week. |
| Bilirubinuria | Presence of bilirubin (yellow-red pigment of bile) in urine. |
| Bioavailability | The amount of a nutrient that enters the bloodstrean and thus reaches the tissues and organs of the body. |
| Bioflavonoid | |
| Bioflavonoids | See Bioflavonoid. |
| Biopsy | |
| Biotin | |
| Bipolar Disorder | |
| Blennorrhea | Excess discharge from mucous surfaces, such as the urethra or vagina; term used in the past for gonorrhea. |
| Blood Poisoning | See Sepsis. |
| BM | Bowel Movement. |
| Boil | |
| Boils | See Boil. |
| Boron | |
| BPH | See Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. |
| Brachialgia | Arm pain. |
| Bradycardia | |
| Bronchitis | |
| Broncholytic | Agent that reduces viscosity of bronchial secretions. |
| Bronchospasm | |
| Bronchospasmolytic | Reducing spasms of the bronchial tubes. |
| Bruise | |
| Bruised | See Bruise. |
| Bruising | See Bruise. |
| Bruxism | |
| Buccal | |
| Bulimia | See Bulimia Nervosa. |
| Bulimia Nervosa | |
| Bulk Laxative | These products increase fecal (bowel content) volume in order to stimulate its movement. Bulk-forming laxatives provide the closest approximation to the natural process of increasing fecal volume, and are normally the first line recommendation for functional constipation. They contain natural or semi-synthetic polysaccharides or cellulose derivatives that pass through the gastrointestinal tract undigested. Examples include wheat bran, psyllium, flax, methylcellulose, ispaghula husk, and Sterculia urens. |
| Bulk Laxatives | See Bulk Laxative. |
| Bunion | Localized swelling at the first metatarsophalangeal joint (between the instep and the toes) due to an inflamed bursa. |
| Bursa | |
| Bursitis | |
| Butyrate | |
