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Glossary: Terms Starting With 'A'   A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z   Abdomen   Abdominal See Abdomen. Abdominal Hernia An abdominal hernia occurs when there is an area where the muscles are weak, and this allows the internal organs to bulge through the abdominal wall. Signs include a lump (soft bulge of tissue) or a small, localized swelling on the abdomen. Abortifacient   Abscess See Boil. Abscesses See Boil. Acetylcholine   Acetylcholinesterase Neurotransmitter enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine, affecting functioning of the parasympathetic nervous system. Achlorhydria   Acidophilus   Acidosis   Acinus A small sac-like dilatation. Acne   Actinic Keratoses   Acute An illness or symptom of sudden onset, which generally has a short duration. Adaptogen   Addison's Disease   Adenitis An inflammation of one or several lymph nodes, or related lymphoid tissues. Adenoma   Adenopathy   Adenosine Diphosphate   Adenosine Monophosphate   Adenosine Triphosphate   Adjuvant A substance added to a drug that affects the action of the active ingredient in a predictable way. Adnexitis Inflammation of organ appendages, typically referring to the fallopian tube. ADP See Adenosine Diphosphate. Adrenal   Adrenal Cortex   Adrenal Exhaustion See Adrenal Insufficiency. Adrenal Gland See Adrenal. Adrenal Glands See Adrenal. Adrenal Insufficiency   Adrenal Medulla   Adrenaline   Adrenals See Adrenal. Adrenoceptors Sites on nerve cells or fibers which react to epinephrine or norepinephrine. Adsorbent A solid substance which binds other substances to its surface but does not interact chemically with them. Adsorption The property of a solid substance to attract and hold other molecules to its surface. Aerobic   Aerobically See Aerobic. Age Spots   Aggressive Fibromatosis See Desmoid Tumor. Agranulocytosis Condition characterized by a marked decrease in the number of white blood cells called granulocytes. AIDS   Akathisia Condition of motor restlessness that can range from a sense of inner disquiet to inability to sleep, seen in toxic reaction to neuroleptic and antipsychotic medication. Albuminuria   Aldosterone   Alkaline   Allele Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given position in a chromosome. Alleles See Allele. Allergen   Allergens See Allergen. Allergic Crease See Allergic Salute. Allergic Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea due to allergic response. Allergic Rhinitis   Allergic Salute When the itchy, runny or blocked nose is being wiped in an upwards direction. This movement helps to open up the nasal airways but can lead to an Allergic Crease - a horizontal crease or pale line that develops across the lower part of the nose as a consequence of frequent upward wiping of the nose. Allergies See Allergy. Allergy Hypersensitivity caused by exposure to a particular antigen (allergen), resulting in an increased reactivity to that antigen on subsequent exposure, sometimes with harmful immunologic consequences. Allopath See Allopathy. Allopathic See Allopathy. Allopathy Conventional medicine. Allopathy treats opposites with opposites, by using that which is the opposite of the symptom of the illness. For example, antispasmodics, fever reducers, antidepressants, etc. Alopecia   Alpha Carotene A carotenoid found in carrots and certain other vegetables. Its provitamin A activity is weaker than that of beta carotene. Studies have shown that several carotenoids other than beta carotene are potent antioxidants that provide profound health benefits. Because of this, the scientific community has now recognized the importance of natural mixed carotenoids including beta carotene. Alpha Tocopherol   Alport Syndrome   Alveolar   Alveolar Soft-Part Sarcoma   Alzheimer's See Alzheimer's Disease. Alzheimer's Disease   Amantadine See Amantadine Hydrochloride. Amantadine Hydrochloride   Amarum Bitter vegetable drug. Ameba See Amoeba. Amenorrhea   Amino Acid   Amino Acids See Amino Acid. Amoeba   AMP Acronym for Adenosine monophosphate. Amylase   Anabolic   Anabolism See Anabolic. Anaemia See Anemia. Anaerobic Of, relating to, or being activity in which the body incurs an oxygen debt (for example weight training or resistive exercises) and does not immediately burn off a lot of calories and fat. Anaerobically See Anaerobic. Anal Warts See Genital Warts. Analeptic Central nervous system stimulant. Analgesic   Anancastic Pertaining to any form of repetitious stereotyped behavior that causes anxiety if prevented. Anaphalactic Shock See Anaphylactic Shock. Anaphylactic   Anaphylactic Shock   Anaphylaxis See Anaphylactic Shock. Ancyclostoma Parasitic hookworm in the human duodenum. Ancylostoma duodenale See Hookworm. Ancylostomiasis See Hookworm. Androgen   Anemia   Anemias See Anemia. Anesthesia Loss of sensation caused by neurological dysfunction or a pharmacological depression of nerve function. Anesthetic Agent causing loss of sensation by neurological dysfunction or a pharmacological depression of nerve function. Aneurysm   Angina   Angioedema   Angioneuropathy Any neuropathy affecting primarily blood vessels as angiospasm, angioparalysis, or vasomotor paralysis. Angioneurosis Vasomotor (causing dilation or constriction of the blood vessels) nervous disease for which there is no detectable damage to nerve tissue. Angiosarcoma See Angiosarcomas. Angiosarcomas   Anhydrous Water deficient. Anorectic Agent that decreases appetite. Anorexia See Anorexia Nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa   Anovulatory   Antacid   Antacids See Antacid. Antagonist A chemical substance that interferes with the uptake, assimilation and/or physiological action of another, especially by combining with and blocking its nerve receptor. Antagonists See Antagonist. Anterior In the front or forward part of the organ or toward the head of the body. Anthelmintic   Anthraquinone   Antiandrogenic Substance capable of preventing full expression of the biological effects of androgenic hormones on responsive tissues, either by producing an antagonistic effect, as in the case of estrogen, or by competing for receptor sites on the cell surface. Antiarrhythmic Combating an irregular heart beat. Antibodies See Antibody. Antibody   Anticholinergic Antagonistic to the cholinergic nerve fibers. Anticoagulant   Antidepressant   Antidepressants See Antidepressant. Antiedamatous Preventing swelling. Antiemetic Preventing vomiting. Antifungal   Antifungals See Antifungal. Antigen   Antigenic See Antigen. Antigens See Antigen. Antigonadotropic Agent preventing growth or function of the testes or ovary. Antihistamine   Antiinflammatory See Anti-inflammatory. Anti-inflammatory   Antimicrobial   Antimuscarinic Inhibiting the toxic effect of muscarine or muscarine-like substances. Antimycotic Fungicidal. Antioxidant   Antioxidants See Antioxidant. Antiparasitic   Antiphlogistic Preventing inflammation. Antiphlogistine See Antiphlogistic. Antiseptic Inhibiting growth of infectious organisms. Antisialagogue Counteracts formation of saliva. Antispasmodic   Antithyrotropic Inhibiting thyroid hormones. Antitussive   Antiviral   Anuria   Anuric See Anuria. Anxiety   Aortic stenosis Narrowing of the aortic valve of the heart. Aphrodisiac   Aphthous Ulcers See Canker Sores. Aplasia Absence of tissue or defective organ development. Aplastic Anemia   Apnea   Apocrine   Apoplexy Sudden neurologic impairment due to a cerebrovascular disorder, e.g., cerebral stroke. Apoptosis   Apthous Stomatitis See Canker Sores. Areola See Nipple. Arginine   Arrhythmia   Arrhythmias See Arrhythmia. Arrythmogenic Causing a change in the normal rhythm of the heart. Arterial   Arteries See Arterial. Arteriosclerosis   Artery See Arterial. Arthralgia   Arthritic See Arthritis. Arthritis   Arthroplasty   Arthrosis   Arthrosis Deformans Noninfectious degeneration of a joint characterized by pain, cracking, and loss of bone. Ascariasis See Ascaris lumbricoides. Ascarid Large, heavy-bodied roundworms parasitic in the human intestine. Ascaris lumbricoides   Ascites   Ascorbate   Ascorbic Acid See Vitamin C. Aspartame   Aspiration   Asthenia Diminishing strength and energy. Asthma   Asthmatic See Asthma. Astringent Agent causing contraction, especially after topical application. Asymptomatic Not showing symptoms. Ataxia   Ataxic See Ataxia. Atelectasis Incomplete lung expansion or lung collapse and airlessness. Atherosclerosis   Athletes Foot See Tineas. Athlete's Foot See Tineas. Atony   Atopic   Atopic Allergy See Atopic. ATP See Adenosine Triphosphate. Atrophic Gastritis   Autoimmune See Autoimmune Disease. Autoimmune Disease   Autoimmunity See Autoimmune Disease. Autologous Transfusion A transfusion of one's own blood that has been preserved for later use. This stored personal blood is a protection against AIDS, hepatitis, and other communicable diseases. Axillary Pertaining to the region of the armpits. Axillary Nodes See Lymph Nodes. Axon   Ayurveda See Ayurvedic. Ayurvedic   Azotemia   Azotemic See Azotemia.   A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

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