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Glossary: Insulin
 


Definition
A hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to elevated blood glucose levels. Insulin stimulates the liver, muscles, and fat cells to remove glucose from the blood for use or storage.

Topics Related To Insulin
Adult AcneRecommendation Nutritional Yeast
"High-chromium yeast is known to improve glucose tolerance and enhance insulin sensitivity [Diabetes 1980:29, pp..."

Aerobic Exercise

As A Treatment
"...Reasons For Use Specific benefits of aerobic exercise include ... Decreased insulin requirement; decreased muscle dependence on sugar..."

Alcohol Consumption

As A Treatment
"...Why should this be? ... It reduces blood insulin level;..."

Alpha Lipoic Acid

As A Treatment
"...Lipoic acid, like insulin, reduces glycation, enhancing the movement of blood sugar into our cells..."

Alzheimer's Disease

Our Question about duration of reasonably-controlled diabetes
"...NOTE: This study strongly suggests the important potential role of glycation products and insulin response, not just glucose levels, as being causes of degenerative disease..."

Anorexia / Starvation Tendency

Our Question about Metformin use
"...Metformin reduces sugar release from your liver to prevent blood sugar levels from rising too high, so your body doesn't need to produce as much insulin..."

Aspirin

As A Treatment
"..." In diabetes and borderline diabetes, aspirin magnifies and enhances the effects of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents..."

Boils, Abscesses, Carbuncles

The Condition
"...Boils and carbuncles are more likely to develop in those with ... Diabetes, especially when treated by injected insulin..."

Carbohydrate Craving

The Condition
"...The term "carbohydrate craving" is used in a theory about the relationship between carbohydrate, insulin and appetite..."

Chromium

As A Treatment
"...Chromium supplements are either niacin-bound (preferred) or salt based; and may be included in weightloss, cholesterol reducing, or insulin (pancreas) supporting products..."

Related Topic
"...Chromium aids in insulin utilization and blood sugar control..."

Corticosteroids

As A Treatment
"...Among the drugs that may interact with corticosteroids are: Insulin and diabetes medicines; Heart medicine such as digitalis; Diuretics (water pills); Medicine containing potassium or sodium; Immunizations (vaccinations); Cyclosporine (Sandimmune); Blood..."

Cushing's Syndrome / Hypercortisolism

The Condition
"...These include polycystic ovarian syndrome, which may cause menstrual disturbances, weight gain from adolescence, excess hair growth and sometimes impaired insulin action and diabetes..."

Dandelion

As A Treatment
"...This is probably due to the high amount of inulin (not insulin!), made of fructose chains, which may buffer the glucose levels in the blood..."

Delta-6-Desaturase

Related Topic
"...It is deficient or inhibited in diabetes, obesity, older people, and in the presence of insulin, coffee, trans fatty acids, or alcohol..."

Diabetes Mellitus

Related Topic
"A disease with increased blood glucose levels due to lack or ineffectiveness of insulin..."

Diabetes Type 1.5

The Condition
"...5 is one of several names now applied to those who are diagnosed with diabetes as adults, but who do not immediately require insulin for treatment, are often not overweight, and have little or no resistance to insulin..."

Recommendation Insulin Therapy
"On average, insulin is required in half of those with Type 1..."

Diabetes Type I

The Condition
"...Causes & Development Type 1 diabetes sufferers have high blood glucose levels because their body does not have enough of the hormone insulin..."

Relationship to Alzheimer's Disease
"..." Diabetes also disrupts insulin signaling to other cells in the body..."

Recommendation Vitamin Niacinamide
"...The Type I honeymoon period can just be extended 12-18 months and insulin requirements may be less..."

Recommendation Insulin Therapy
"If you have type 1 diabetes, and in some cases if you have type 2 diabetes, you need insulin injections to manage your blood sugar (glucose)..."

Diabetes Type II

The Condition
"...Juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune-related disease, usually striking between the ages of 5 and 20 years, in which patients do not produce enough insulin..."

Our Question about ethnic background
"...Among people who do not have diabetes, insulin levels are higher in Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites, indicating their greater predisposition for developing type 2 diabetes..."

Relationship to Excess Sugar Consumption
"...Such a diet tends to be low in chromium content and also causes more insulin to be produced, which requires even more chromium..."

Relationship to Alzheimer's Disease
"..." Diabetes also disrupts insulin signaling to other cells in the body..."

Relationship to Hemochromatosis (Iron overload)
"Iron deposits in the pancreas decrease insulin production which can lead to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus..."

Relationship to Magnesium Requirement
"...A low intake of magnesium, which is a common deficiency, has been associated with insulin resistance and diabetes in several studies..."

Relationship to Diabetes Type 1.5
"...They are often diagnosed as Type 2 because they are older and will initially respond to diabetes medications because they have adequate insulin production..."

Recommendation Processed Foods Avoidance
"...Consuming anything sweet, regardless of its calorific content, may be sending a signal from the mouth to the brain that more insulin is needed..."

Recommendation Increased Fruit/Vegetable Consumption
"Eating carbohydrate-containing foods, including some fruits, temporarily raises blood sugar and insulin levels..."

Recommendation Weight Loss
"...Obesity is associated with cellular resistance to insulin, thus more insulin is required to maintain normal sugar levels..."

Recommendation Vitamin A
"Recent research shows that Type II diabetics who consumed foods high in vitamin A were the most efficient insulin users..."

Recommendation Increased Legume Consumption
"...Legumes are rich in soluble fiber, which has been shown to help improve insulin resistance, the study authors note..."

Recommendation Insulin Therapy
"On average, insulin is required in half of those with Type 1..."

Recommendation High/Increased Fiber Diet
"...Both soluble and insoluble fibers delay the emptying of food from the stomach, slow the absorption of glucose into the bloodstream, and thus moderate insulin levels..."

Recommendation Aspartame (Nutrasweet) Avoidance
"...2) Causes poorer diabetic control in diabetics on insulin or oral drugs..."

Recommendation Supplemental Fiber
"Higher fiber diets may have additional benefits for those people with diabetes, including reducing blood sugar, lowering insulin and lowering cholesterol..."

Recommendation Vitamin Niacinamide
"...Use in diabetic patients should always be monitored by a physician as insulin requirements may change..."

Recommendation Alpha Lipoic Acid
"...It stimulates increased glucose utilization in muscle cells and significantly reduces human insulin resistance..."

Recommendation Acetyl-L-Carnitine
"The amino acid L-carnitine improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes..."

Recommendation Chromium
"Chromium combines with niacin to form Gluten Tolerance Factor (GTF), which works with insulin to help the body use glucose..."

Recommendation Cinnamon
"...Human Nutrition Research Center, explained that his mostly unpublished research shows that a compound in cinnamon called methylhydroxy chalcone polymer (MHCP) makes fat cells more responsive to insulin by activating an enzyme that causes insulin to bind to cells and inhibiting the enzyme that blocks this process..."

Recommendation Plant-Based Nutrition
"...After 22 weeks on the diet, 43% of those on the vegan diet and 26% of those on the standard diet were either able to stop taking some of their drugs such as insulin or glucose-control medications, or lowered the doses..."

Dyspepsia / Poor Digestion

The Condition
"...It interferes with the body's ability to absorb certain nutrients, causing weight loss, irregular breakdown of carbohydrates and fats, resistance to insulin, and malfunctions of the immune system..."

Elevated Cortisol Levels

The Condition
"...New studies demonstrate that elevated cortisol levels can lead to abdominal weight gain, loss of verbal declarative memory (words, names, and numbers), insulin resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes..."

Elevated Insulin Levels

The Condition
"Chronic exposure to refined carbohydrates and simple sugars can cause elevated levels of insulin, which drives glucose levels down..."

Our Question about age at puberty onset (female)
"Girls with premature puberty have been found to have elevated insulin and DHEA-S levels..."

Relationship to Diabetes Type II
"Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are both factors that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes..."

Relationship to Syndrome X
"Syndrome X is the variable combination of obesity (usually central in distribution), insulin resistance with elevated insulin levels, high blood cholesterol and hypertension..."

Recommendation Milk/Dairy Products
"A higher consumption of dairy products was associated with a reduced risk of insulin resistance (Syndrome X) in a study of 3,157 young adults followed for a 10 year period..."

Recommendation DIM (di-indolmethane)/I3C (Indole-3-Carbinol)
"DIM has been reported to enhance insulin sensitivity and encourage abdominal fat loss..."

Recommendation DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)
"...8gm per day improved insulin sensitivity while having no effect on insulin secretion, in a pilot study of 12 overweight adults 45-70 years old..."

Recommendation Cinnamon
"Cinnamon with each meal helps keep insulin and blood sugar levels under control..."

Recommendation Chromium
"Chromium picolinate supplementation at 1,000mcg per day over a 13-week period combined with exercise decreased total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and insulin levels in a recent small study of both males and females..."

Excess Carbohydrate Consumption

The Condition
"...too many carbs that are refined or in the form of sugar can make it difficult to control weight because they are so quickly absorbed, sending blood sugar levels soaring, followed by high surges of insulin..."

Excess Sugar Consumption

The Condition
"...Nevertheless, the pancreas secretes insulin to metabolize the glucose it is "expecting..."

Relationship to Atherosclerosis
"Excessive sugar consumption has been linked to elevated triglycerides and may contribute to atherosclerosis, especially in individuals with elevated insulin levels..."

Female Infertility

Relationship to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
"...This is believed to result from elevated insulin levels that stimulate excess androgen production by the ovaries..."

Gallbladder Disease

Recommendation Aerobic Exercise
"...Some researchers guess that in addition to controlling weight, exercise helps normalize blood sugar levels and insulin levels, which, if abnormal, may contribute to gallstones..."

Gestational Diabetes Tendency

The Condition
"...It is the hormonal changes in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, along with the growth demands of the fetus, that increase a pregnant woman's insulin needs by two to three times normal..."

Relationship to Aerobic Exercise Need
"Exercising during pregnancy stimulates glucose transport and can help control gestational diabetes without the use of insulin..."

Relationship to Chromium Deficiency
"...By impairing pancreatic insulin production, chromium deficiency may increase the tendency towards hyperglycemia in gestational diabetes..."

Relationship to Magnesium Requirement
"By impairing pancreatic insulin production, magnesium deficiency may increase the tendency towards hyperglycemia in cases of gestational diabetes..."

Relationship to Potassium Need
"By impairing pancreatic insulin production, potassium deficiency may increase the tendency towards hyperglycemia in cases of gestational diabetes..."

Relationship to Vitamin B6 Requirement
"By impairing pancreatic insulin production, vitamin B6 deficiency may increase the tendency towards hyperglycemia in cases of gestational diabetes..."

Glucose Tolerance Factor

Related Topic
"A compound containing chromium that aids insulin in regulating blood sugar levels..."

Glucose Tolerance Test

As A Treatment
"...Insulin levels may also be measured..."

Gout / Hyperuricemia

Relationship to Elevated Insulin Levels
"Preliminary research suggests that insulin resistance may play a role in the development of gout..."

Green Tea

As A Treatment
"...against cancers of the lungs, skin, liver, pancreas and stomach; it also boosts cardiovascular health and may work as a weight-loss agent by increasing fat metabolism and regulating blood sugar and insulin levels..."

Growth Hormone Testing

As A Treatment
"...endocrinologists will test to diagnose adult GH deficiency by stimulating a GH response to a combination of GHRH and an inhibitor of somatostatin tone such as pyridostigmine, arginine, clonidine or insulin..."

Gymnena Sylvestre

As A Treatment
"...color="0000FF">Function; Reasons For Use In studies, extracts of the plant have decreased fasting blood sugar levels, normalized blood lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides,) lowered insulin requirements and enhanced insulin production..."

High Levels Of Triglycerides

Relationship to Coronary Disease / Heart Attack
"There are a group of studies clearly indicating that elevated triglycerides combined with low HDL (two abnormalities known to be caused by high insulin) are much more predictive of cardiovascular disease than either elevated total cholesterol or elevated LDL levels..."

High Total Cholesterol

Recommendation Chromium
"...Chromium picolinate supplementation at 1,000mcg per day over a 13-week period combined with exercise decreased total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and insulin levels in a recent small study of both males and females..."

Hormone-altering Drugs

Related Topic
"...Examples include Metformin, which affects insulin levels; Tamoxifen and Arimidex which affect estrogen levels; LHRH agonists which affect testosterone levels; and propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole(MTZ) which affect thyroid levels..."

Hormones

Related Topic
"...Hormones signal certain enzymes to perform their functions and, in this way, regulate such body functions as blood sugar levels, insulin levels, the menstrual cycle, and growth..."

Hypoglycemia

The Condition
"...Possible cause of this response is gastric dumping, too large an insulin response (pancreatic problems) and glucose tolerance factor problems (liver problems)..."

Related Topic
"...It can be caused by medications such as insulin (diabetics are prone to hypoglycemia), severe physical exhaustion, and some illnesses..."

Relationship to Low DHEA Level
"Insulin levels may play a significant role in determining how much DHEA is metabolized..."

Insulin Therapy

As A Treatment
"Insulin is absolutely required for all animal (including human) life..."

IP6 - Inositol Hexaphosphate

As A Treatment
"...In diabetes cases, it not only improves insulin sensitivity, but also decreases complications..."

Lack of Sleep

Relationship to Elevated Insulin Levels
"A study found that people who do not get enough sleep on a regular basis may become less sensitive to insulin which, over time, can raise the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes..."

L-Arginine

As A Treatment
"...Arginine might improve insulin sensitivity in Syndrome X and Type II Diabetes..."

Low/Decreased Carbohydrate Diet

As A Treatment
"...Second, fiber slows the absorption of food, so your blood sugar rises slowly, preventing an exaggerated insulin response..."

Magnesium Requirement

The Condition
"...It may influence the release and activity of insulin, the hormone that helps control blood glucose levels..."

Manganese

As A Treatment
"...Function Manganese is necessary for bone growth, reproduction, skin, ligament formation, blood clotting, wound healing, peak brain function and the proper metabolism of cholesterol, sugars and insulin..."

Melatonin

Related Topic
"...It also negatively influences insulin utilization..."

Menopausal Issues

Relationship to Syndrome X
"...During the menopause transition, more fat often starts to accumulate around the stomach and insulin levels begin to inch upwards..."

NADH

As A Treatment
"...No significant differences were noted in blood levels of glucose, insulin, triglyceride or HDL cholesterol..."

Pancreas

Related Topic
"...It releases insulin to help each cell absorb glucose to burn as energy..."

Periodontal Disease - Gingivitis

Relationship to Diabetes Type II
"...These infections can in turn impair the body's ability to process and/or utilize insulin, creating a vicious circle in which your diabetes may be more difficult to control and your infection more severe than in a non-diabetic..."

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Relationship to Coronary Disease / Heart Attack
"...Surprisingly, the increased risk was found to be independent of obesity, supporting the argument that insulin resistance alone is important in determining cardiovascular risk..."

Recommendation Sugars Avoidance / Reduction
"A high sugar diet causes obesity with further insulin resistance and aggravation of PCOS..."

Recommendation Weight Loss
"Weight reduction can not only reverse testosterone and luteinizing hormone abnormalities and infertility seen with PCOS, but also improve glucose, insulin and lipid profiles..."

Potassium Need

The Condition
"...Maintaining proper body water balance Stimulating insulin production Maintaining digestive enzyme function and efficiency Maintaining optimal nerve and muscle function Relaxing muscle contraction in balance to calcium, which induces contraction..."

Pregnancy-Related Issues

The Condition
"...Much of the way your baby develops essential proteins, such as DNA and insulin, depends on zinc..."

Premenstrual Syndrome PMS C (Craving)

The Condition
"...Causes & Development There is currently no clear explanation for this phenomenon, although an increased cellular capacity to bind insulin has been postulated..."

Premenstrual Syndrome PMS H (Headache)

Recommendation Magnesium
"...Increased insulin secretion, in response to sugar consumption, results in sodium retention that is independent of aldosterone..."

Problems Caused By Being Overweight

The Condition
"...Men whose bodies produce more insulin also tend to have increased leptin levels..."

Relationship to Diabetes Type II
"...The hormone, dubbed resistin, is produced by fat cells and prompts tissues to resist insulin, the substance the body needs to process blood sugar, researchers reported in the scientific journal Nature..."

Relationship to Lung Cancer
"...Researchers are unsure why being obese plays a role in lung cancer; some researchers suggest it's related to hormones such as higher levels of estrogen and insulin..."

Relationship to Coronary Disease / Heart Attack
"Even if you never become diabetic, high levels of insulin contribute to cardiovascular risk by increasing the process of atherosclerosis..."

Recommendation Low/Decreased Carbohydrate Diet
"More and more researchers are citing insulin as the main culprit in weight gain and expound the benefits of a diet low in carbohydrates..."

Smaller, More Frequent Meals

As A Treatment
"...Eating regularly throughout the day also helps to maintain steady insulin levels..."

Stress

Relationship to Atherosclerosis
"...not to say that stress causes atherosclerosis, the evidence clearly points to cardiovascular reactivity to stress as an atherosclerotic risk factor of the same magnitude as smoking, hypertension, insulin resistance, and elevated cholesterol levels..."

Relationship to Elevated Insulin Levels
"One of cortisol's undesirable effects is that it contributes to insulin resistance by decreasing the rate of glucose uptake, probably by blocking the insulin receptor..."

Sulfur Requirement

The Condition
"...As a component of insulin, sulfur is needed to regulate blood sugar..."

Syndrome X

The Condition
"Syndrome X refers specifically to a group of health problems that can include insulin resistance (the inability to properly deal with dietary carbohydrates and sugars), abnormal blood fats (such as elevated cholesterol and triglycerides), overweight, and high blood pressure..."

Recommendation Vitamin A
"Vitamin A has been shown to increase the efficiency of glucose disposal by insulin..."

Recommendation Vitamin E
"Vitamin E is an important antioxidant that protects against free radical damage caused by high glucose and insulin levels in the blood..."

Recommendation Manganese
"This trace mineral is needed for various enzymes to work, and is essential for nerve health and normal insulin function..."

Recommendation Weight Loss
"...If you are overweight, losing weight will make the body more insulin sensitive, i..."

Recommendation Alpha Lipoic Acid
"...ALA stimulates increased glucose utilization in muscle cells and significantly reduces human insulin resistance/sensitivity..."

Recommendation Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
"...It also helps maintain normal insulin function and may decrease bad cholesterol levels..."

Recommendation Selenium
"Selenium is a mineral that works alongside vitamin E as part of the antioxidant protection against free radical damage caused by high insulin levels..."

Recommendation Magnesium
"...Low quantities in the diet (caused by modern methods of food production) increase the risk of insulin resistance..."

Recommendation Low/Decreased Carbohydrate Diet
"Insulin resistance and Syndrome X are caused primarily by a diet high in refined carbohydrates, which include many people's favorite and most frequently eaten foods, such as cereals, muffins, breads..."

Recommendation Aerobic Exercise
"Exercise is an important aid in the treatment both of insulin sensitivity and Syndrome X..."

Recommendation Zinc
"This trace mineral is instrumental in glucose regulation, the proper function of insulin and weight control..."

Test for Cardiac Risk Factors

As A Treatment
"...Post-challenge insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Lp(a), iron levels, additional lipid fractions, homocysteine, fibrinogen and others can be done to provide a clearer picture of your risk..."

Thymic Factors

As A Treatment
"...Modern medicine replaces the thyroid gland with thyroid hormone, the adrenal gland with cortisone, the pancreas gland with insulin, and the ovaries with estrogen and progesterone..."

Vanadium

As A Treatment
"...Most of the therapeutic uses of vanadium center in its ability to mimic or enhance the functions of insulin..."

Vitamin B3 Requirement

The Condition
"...Vitamin B3 is necessary for the manufacture of the hormones cortisone, thyroxine, insulin, and the sex hormones estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone..."

Weight Loss

As A Treatment
"...Caffeine leads to an increase of insulin in your body which retards the burning of stored fat..."

Zinc

As A Treatment
"...of cholesterol, protein and fats, releasing vitamin A from the liver, assisting the immune system and cell growth, being required for vision, taste perception, prostrate reproductive health and insulin function, metabolizing alcohol, and protecting against copper and heavy metal toxicity such as cadmium and lead..."

Related Topic
"...Zinc is a constituent of insulin and male reproductive fluid..."





Last updated: Apr 07, 2008


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